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      <title>Shiro - 交互式测验</title>
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        .quiz-body {
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        .progress-bar {
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        .nav-btn {
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        .source-text {
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        .score-card {
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            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 20px;
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            font-size: 16px;
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            font-size: 15px;
            line-height: 1.6;
            display: none; /* 默认隐藏 */
        }
      </style>
    </head>
    <body>
      <div class="main-wrapper">
          <div class="quiz-container">
            <div class="quiz-header">
              <h1>Shiro - 交互式测验</h1>
              <p>检验你对文档内容的理解程度</p>
            </div>
            <div id="quiz-content">
                <div class="quiz-body">
                    <div class="progress-bar">
                        <div id="progress-indicator"></div>
                    </div>
                    <div id="question-container">
                      <p id="question-text"></p>
                      <ul class="options-list" id="options-list"></ul>
                    </div>
                    <div id="result-container"></div>
                    <div id="hint-container" class="hint-container"></div>
                </div>
                <div class="quiz-footer" id="quiz-footer">
                  <button id="prev-btn" class="nav-btn">上一题</button>
                  <button id="hint-btn" class="nav-btn" style="background-color: #ffc107; color: #333; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(255,193,7,0.3);">提示</button>
                  <button id="next-btn" class="nav-btn">下一题</button>
                </div>
            </div>
          </div>
      </div>

      <script>
        const quizData = [
  {
    "question": "根据文档，以下哪一项不属于 Shiro 的三个核心组件？",
    "options": [
      "SecurityManager",
      "Subject",
      "Session Manager",
      "Realms"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "文档在“shiro的三个核心组件”部分明确指出了 Subject（主体）、SecurityManager（安全管理器）和 Realms（领域）是其三大核心。虽然 Session Manager（会话管理器）是 Shiro 的一个重要功能，并且在“Shiro 的四大核心部分”中被提及，但它不属于那三个最核心的架构组件。",
    "source": "文档中「shiro的三个核心组件」部分",
    "hint": "Shiro 架构有其“心脏”，还有与之交互的主体，以及连接数据源的桥梁。"
  },
  {
    "question": "在 Shiro 的 `filterChainDefinitions` 配置中，`authc` 和 `user` 过滤器之间最主要的区别是什么？",
    "options": [
      "`authc` 要求用户必须是登录认证通过的，而 `user` 允许登录认证或通过“记住我”功能访问。",
      "`user` 是 `authc` 的别名，两者功能完全相同。",
      "`authc` 用于认证，`user` 用于授权。",
      "`authc` 只能用于Web环境，而 `user` 可以用于任何环境。"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 0,
    "explanation": "文档在对比 `authc` 和 `user` 拦截器时明确指出，`authc` 要求用户必须通过 `Subject.login` 成功登录，而 `user` 则更为宽松，只要用户经过身份验证或通过“记住我（RememberMe）”功能登录，都可以访问。这对于区分需要严格安全验证的操作（如支付）和一般性访问非常重要。",
    "source": "文档中「1.8 RememberMe」部分的表格",
    "hint": "思考一下“记住我”功能是如何影响访问控制的，哪一个过滤器对此功能更友好？"
  },
  {
    "question": "在自定义的 `AuthorizingRealm` 中，哪个方法负责获取和提供用户的角色及权限信息以进行授权检查？",
    "options": [
      "doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token)",
      "getPrincipal()",
      "hasRole(String roleIdentifier)",
      "doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals)"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 3,
    "explanation": "文档中明确说明，`doGetAuthorizationInfo` 方法的作用是“根据用户身份获取授权信息”，而 `doGetAuthenticationInfo` 方法用于“获取身份验证信息”。因此，当需要对用户进行权限验证时，Shiro 会调用 `doGetAuthorizationInfo` 来获取该用户的角色和权限集合。",
    "source": "文档中「1.5.1 Realm」及「1.7.5 给登录用户授权」部分",
    "hint": "认证(Authentication)和授权(Authorization)是两个不同的过程，它们对应了 Realm 中的两个核心方法。"
  },
  {
    "question": "为了在 Shiro 中实现密码的加密比对（例如MD5加盐），需要在自定义 Realm 的 Spring 配置中设置哪个属性？",
    "options": [
      "hashAlgorithmName",
      "credentialsMatcher",
      "authenticationToken",
      "salt"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "文档在“1.6 密码加密”部分指出，要实现密码加密，需要“替换当前Realm的credentialsMatcher属性”，并为其配置一个 `HashedCredentialsMatcher` 的实例。这个匹配器负责处理加密逻辑，包括指定加密算法（hashAlgorithmName）和加密次数等。因此，`credentialsMatcher` 是Realm上需要配置的关键属性。",
    "source": "文档中「1.6 密码加密」及「修改Realm的配置」部分",
    "hint": "密码的比对逻辑被封装在了一个专门的“匹配器”组件中，你需要将这个组件注入到 Realm 里。"
  },
  {
    "question": "根据文档描述，Shiro 的 URL 权限匹配遵循什么顺序规则？",
    "options": [
      "最长路径匹配优先，即 `/admin/user` 的规则优先于 `/admin`。",
      "第一次匹配优先，即从上到下，使用第一个匹配成功的规则。",
      "精确匹配优先，即 `/admin/user` 的规则优先于 `/admin/**`。",
      "顺序无关，Shiro 会自动选择最合适的规则。"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "文档在“1.4.3 URL匹配顺序”部分明确指出：“URL 权限采取第一次匹配优先的方式，即从头开始使用第一个匹配的 url 模式对应的拦截器链。” 并给出了一个实例说明，即使有更精确的匹配规则在后面，也会被第一个（按声明顺序）匹配上的规则所拦截。",
    "source": "文档中「1.4.3 URL匹配顺序」部分",
    "hint": "思考一下在配置文件中，规则的声明顺序是否重要？"
  },
  {
    "question": "关于 Shiro 的 Realm 缓存，以下哪项描述是正确的？",
    "options": [
      "Shiro 默认对认证和授权信息都开启缓存以获得最佳性能。",
      "缓存可以提升性能，避免重复查询数据库，且默认开启授权信息缓存。",
      "缓存仅在用户正常退出时清空，非正常退出会导致缓存数据残留。",
      "为了使用缓存，必须在自定义 Realm 中手动实现所有缓存的读写逻辑。"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "文档在“1.9.1 Realm缓存”部分提到，使用缓存是为了避免每次请求都查询数据库中的权限，从而提升性能。同时明确指出：“对于授权信息的缓存shiro默认开启的。主要原因是授权信息缓存，因为授权的数据量大”。而认证信息缓存默认是关闭的。",
    "source": "文档中「1.9.1 Realm缓存」部分",
    "hint": "考虑认证和授权，哪个操作在用户登录后会更频繁地被调用，且其数据量可能更大？Shiro会优先缓存哪一个？"
  },
  {
    "question": "在 Shiro 中使用注解进行授权时，例如 `@RequiresRoles`，需要在 Spring 配置文件中进行什么关键配置来使其生效？",
    "options": [
      "配置一个 `LifecycleBeanPostProcessor`。",
      "在 `ShiroFilterFactoryBean` 中添加一个 `filters` 属性。",
      "开启AOP支持并配置 `AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor`。",
      "为 `DefaultWebSecurityManager` 设置 `sessionMode` 为 `native`。"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "文档在“1 注解式”授权方式的说明中明确指出，如果要使用注解，首先要在Spring MVC配置文件中开启AOP支持（`<aop:config proxy-target-class=\"true\">`），并配置一个 `org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor` 的 bean。这个 Advisor 会拦截带有Shiro注解的方法，并根据注解执行相应的权限检查。",
    "source": "文档中「1.7.1 授权方式」的「1 注解式」部分",
    "hint": "Shiro 的注解功能是如何横切到你的业务方法中的？这通常与哪种编程思想有关？"
  }
];
        console.log("Quiz Data:", JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(quizData))); // 添加这行用于调试，以可展开的JSON格式输出
        
        let currentQuestionIndex = 0;
        let score = 0;
        // 存储每个问题的回答状态
        const userAnswers = new Array(quizData.length).fill(null); 

        const questionTextEl = document.getElementById('question-text');
        const optionsListEl = document.getElementById('options-list');
        const resultContainerEl = document.getElementById('result-container');
        const quizContentEl = document.getElementById('quiz-content');
        const progressIndicatorEl = document.getElementById('progress-indicator');
        const prevBtn = document.getElementById('prev-btn');
        const nextBtn = document.getElementById('next-btn');
        const hintBtn = document.getElementById('hint-btn');
        const hintContainerEl = document.getElementById('hint-container');

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          resultContainerEl.innerHTML = '';
          optionsListEl.innerHTML = '';
          hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none'; // 隐藏提示
          
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            showFinalScore();
            return;
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          questionTextEl.textContent = `(${currentQuestionIndex + 1}/${quizData.length}) ${currentQuestion.question}`;
          
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            li.textContent = optionText;
            li.dataset.index = index; // Store index in a data attribute
            // 如果这道题已经回答过，恢复状态
            if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] !== null) {
                if (index === userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex]) {
                    li.classList.add('selected');
                }
            }
            optionsListEl.appendChild(li);
          });

          // 如果已经回答过，直接显示结果
          if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] !== null) {
              const isCorrect = userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === currentQuestion.correctAnswerIndex;
              showResult(isCorrect, currentQuestion);
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          updateNavigationButtons();
          updateProgress();
        }

        function selectOption(optionIndex) {
            userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] = optionIndex;
            const currentQuestion = quizData[currentQuestionIndex];
            const isCorrect = optionIndex === currentQuestion.correctAnswerIndex;

            // 重新计算分数
            score = userAnswers.reduce((acc, answer, index) => {
                return answer === quizData[index].correctAnswerIndex ? acc + 1 : acc;
            }, 0);

            showResult(isCorrect, currentQuestion);
            updateNavigationButtons();
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            const progressPercentage = (answeredQuestions / quizData.length) * 100;
            progressIndicatorEl.style.width = `${progressPercentage}%`;
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        function updateNavigationButtons() {
            prevBtn.style.display = 'block';
            nextBtn.style.display = 'block';
            hintBtn.style.display = 'block'; // 显示提示按钮

            prevBtn.disabled = currentQuestionIndex === 0;
            nextBtn.disabled = false; // 最后一题时，下一题按钮不禁用，而是用于显示报告
            nextBtn.textContent = (currentQuestionIndex === quizData.length - 1) ? '查看报告' : '下一题';
            
            // 如果当前问题没有提示，则禁用提示按钮并隐藏提示内容
            if (!quizData[currentQuestionIndex].hint) {
                hintBtn.disabled = true;
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none';
                hintContainerEl.textContent = ''; // 清除旧的提示内容
            } else {
                hintBtn.disabled = false;
            }
        }

        function showResult(isCorrect, questionData) {
            resultContainerEl.innerHTML = ''; // 清空之前的结果
            const resultBox = document.createElement('div');
            resultBox.className = `result-box ${isCorrect ? 'correct' : 'incorrect'}`;
            
            let html = `<h3>${isCorrect ? '回答正确！' : '回答错误'}</h3>`;
            if (!isCorrect) {
                html += `<p><strong>正确答案是：</strong> ${questionData.options[questionData.correctAnswerIndex]}</p>`;
            }
            html += `<div class="explanation-text">${questionData.explanation}</div>`;
            html += `<div class="source-text">来源: ${questionData.source}</div>`;
            
            resultBox.innerHTML = html;
            resultContainerEl.appendChild(resultBox);

            // 禁用所有选项的点击事件，并高亮正确/错误答案
            Array.from(optionsListEl.children).forEach((child, index) => {
                child.style.pointerEvents = 'none';
                // 高亮正确答案
                if (index === questionData.correctAnswerIndex) {
                    child.classList.add('correct'); // 需要添加CSS样式
                    child.style.backgroundColor = '#d4edda';
                    child.style.borderColor = '#c3e6cb';
                }
                // 如果选错了，高亮错误选项
                if (!isCorrect && index === userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex]) {
                    child.classList.add('incorrect'); // 需要添加CSS样式
                    child.style.backgroundColor = '#f8d7da';
                    child.style.borderColor = '#f5c6cb';
                }
            });
        }

        function goToNextQuestion() {
            if (currentQuestionIndex < quizData.length - 1) {
                currentQuestionIndex++;
                loadQuestion();
            } else {
                showFinalScore();
            }
        }

        function goToPreviousQuestion() {
            if (currentQuestionIndex > 0) {
                currentQuestionIndex--;
                loadQuestion();
            }
        }
        
        function showHint() {
            const currentQuestion = quizData[currentQuestionIndex];
            if (currentQuestion.hint) {
                hintContainerEl.textContent = currentQuestion.hint;
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'block';
            } else {
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none';
            }
        }

        function showFinalScore() {
            document.querySelector('.quiz-body').style.display = 'none';
            document.getElementById('quiz-footer').style.display = 'none';

            const correctCount = score;
            const totalQuestions = quizData.length;
            const answeredCount = userAnswers.filter(a => a !== null).length;
            const wrongCount = answeredCount - correctCount;
            const skippedCount = totalQuestions - answeredCount;
            const accuracy = totalQuestions > 0 ? Math.round((correctCount / totalQuestions) * 100) : 0;
            const errorRate = totalQuestions > 0 ? Math.round((wrongCount / totalQuestions) * 100) : 0;

            const finalScoreHtml =
                '<div class="final-score-container">' +
                '<h2>答题报告</h2>' +
                '<div class="score-summary">' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>得分</h3>' +
                '<p>' + correctCount + ' / ' + totalQuestions + '</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>正确率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + accuracy + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>错误率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + errorRate + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card score-details">' +
                '<table>' +
                '<tr><td>正确</td><td>' + correctCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>错误</td><td>' + wrongCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>未答</td><td>' + skippedCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '</table>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="report-actions">' +
                '<button id="review-btn">回顾测验</button>' +
                '<button class="primary" onclick="location.reload()">再试一次</button>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>';

            let reportEl = document.querySelector('.final-score-container');
            if (reportEl) {
                reportEl.remove();
            }
            quizContentEl.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', finalScoreHtml);
            document.getElementById('review-btn').addEventListener('click', reviewQuiz);
        }

        function reviewQuiz() {
            const reportEl = document.querySelector('.final-score-container');
            if (reportEl) {
                reportEl.remove();
            }

            document.querySelector('.quiz-body').style.display = 'block';
            document.getElementById('quiz-footer').style.display = 'flex';
            
            currentQuestionIndex = 0;
            loadQuestion();
            updateNavigationButtons(); // Ensure nav buttons are correctly displayed
        }

        // Event Delegation for options
        optionsListEl.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
            if (event.target && event.target.matches('li.option-item')) {
                // Check if the question has already been answered
                if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === null) {
                    const selectedIndex = parseInt(event.target.dataset.index, 10);
                    selectOption(selectedIndex);
                }
            }
        });

        prevBtn.addEventListener('click', goToPreviousQuestion);
        nextBtn.addEventListener('click', goToNextQuestion);
        hintBtn.addEventListener('click', showHint);
        
        // 初始加载
        loadQuestion();
      </script>
    </body>
    </html>
  